Key Facts About Hyperthyroidism for Nursing Students 🩺

Let’s dive into the essential information about hyperthyroidism.

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🔍 What is Hyperthyroidism:

Hyperthyroidism: A condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, leading to an accelerated metabolism.

📋 Symptoms:

Increased Metabolism: Symptoms include weight loss despite increased appetite, rapid or irregular heartbeat, sweating, nervousness, irritability, and tremors.
Other Signs: Fatigue, muscle weakness, difficulty sleeping, and changes in menstrual patterns.

🩺 Causes:

Graves’ Disease: The most common cause, an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the thyroid.
Thyroid Nodules: Overactive thyroid nodules can also produce excess hormones.
Thyroiditis: Inflammation of the thyroid gland can temporarily cause hyperthyroidism.

💊 Treatment:

Medications: Antithyroid drugs (like methimazole) help reduce hormone production. Beta-blockers may be prescribed to manage symptoms like rapid heart rate.
Radioactive Iodine Therapy: A common treatment that destroys overactive thyroid cells.
Surgery: In some cases, partial or total thyroidectomy may be necessary.

📚 Nursing Care:

Monitor Vital Signs: Regularly monitor heart rate, blood pressure, and temperature.
Symptom Management: Assist in managing symptoms such as anxiety and heat intolerance.
Patient Education: Teach patients about medication adherence, potential side effects, and the importance of follow-up appointments.

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