Program to Swap Two Numbers Without Using Third Variable Using Arithmetic operators and Bit-wise

#Program_t_ Swap_Two_Numbers_Without Using Third Variable Using Arithmetic operators and Bit-wise

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#Program_t_ Swap_Two_Numbers_Without Using Third Variable Using Arithmetic operators and Bit-wise

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In the line a = a ^ b, the value 4 is X-ORed with 5 and the result is stored in the variable a. Lets see the X-OR operation of 4 and 5.

The binary format of 4 is 100

The binary format of 5 is 101
-------
001
-------
Answer after performing bitwise X-OR is 1 and that is stored in the variable a.

Next, in the line b = a ^ b, the value 1 is X-ORed with 5 and the result is stored in the variable b. Lets the X-OR operation of 1 and 5.

The binary format of 1 is 001

The binary format of 5 is 101
-------

100

-------
Answer after performing bitwise X-OR is 4 and that is stored in the variable b.

Next, in the line a = a ^ b, the value 1 is X-O Red with 4 and the result is stored in the variable a. Lets the X-OR operation of 1 and 4.

The binary format of 1 is 001

The binary format of 4 is 100
------
101
---
Answer after performing bitwise X-OR is 5 and that is stored in the variable a.
Thus both the values got swapped using X-OR operator.


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What is Arithmetic overflow?
Method 1 & 2 may cause an arithmetic overflow when the values of a & b are significantly large and here is what we mean by it.

Arithmetic overflow occurs when the result of an arithmetic operation is a value that is too large to fit in the available storage space.

Consider 3 four-bit variables a, b, c. The value stored in the variables a and b is 15 and 1 respectively. We need to add the two variables and store the result in the variable c.
15 in Binary 1111

1 in Binary 0001

---------------------------------

c = 10000

---------------------------------
After adding, the result is 16, we get a 5 bit variable and this is too large to fit in 4-bit variable c. That is how arithmetic overflow occurs.

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In this article, we will be discussing the program to swap two numbers without using third variable in C, C++, Java. There are 5 methods to do swap two numbers without using a temporary variable. Below are the methods. #programming_in_c
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