The Turkish mechanical chess-playing robot you're referring to is known as the Mechanical Turk.
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Here are some key details about this fascinating historical automaton:
Overview of the Mechanical Turk
Creation and Purpose:
The Mechanical Turk was constructed in 1770 by Wolfgang von Kempelen, a Hungarian inventor. It was designed to impress Empress Maria Theresa of Austria and was presented as an automaton capable of playing chess against human opponents.
Appearance:
The machine featured a life-sized model of a man dressed in Turkish attire, complete with a turban. This figure sat at a wooden cabinet with a chessboard in front of it, creating the illusion of a chess-playing automaton.