How Optics Work - the basics of cameras, lenses and telescopes

very clear! thank you for what you do!

You do not have scientific honesty in transmission. The word camera comes from the Arabic word قمرة, and the Arab scientist Ibn al-Haytham (965-1038), was the first to explain how to see and reverse the image

Please tell me what dictates the resolving precision of a mirror or lens and why.

thank u ashens

Me encantó cada segundo, resumiste años de mis estudios de optica, me encantó.

I absolutely love these videos! Optics and signals are incredibly interesting! Also, I wasn’t expecting to hear the famous Tico Tico!

You should cover every basic science topic. You made it sound so easy to understand. You should start a basic educational video series about science,i would pay for it! Thanks for the video!!

wtf is this video

Very good video make more like this pls ❤

Yikes🎉

I’m 53. I wish I had seen this when I was 15 during my first physics class, if for no other reason than to grasp why images can be inverted. The use of animation to help reinforce a concept, along with this brilliant description of the concept, is astounding to me.

Using this as an example, if I don’t get a fundamental understanding of optical inversion, I’ll end up with 38 years of difficulty with geometric optics. But if/when I get a grasp of the basics at an almost intuitive level, building upon that knowledge is possible.

Nice work.

How about vision?

QURV >)INRI ●<())(()>•

amazing video and very well explained. thank you!

Great lesson in the basics of geometric optics, but can you explain how a holographic image is captured and why EUV lithographic masks look like holograms?

this man knows everything

Answered everything I wanted to know about optics of camera lens and human eyes. Explained so many things that textbooks could not. Thank you!

I can't imagine a much better video on this topic than what I just watched! Great explanation and illustrations!

I was always comforable with wave optics but never with ray optics because the concept of focus and "forming an image" was never clear to me. I had the factors you listed in mind but wasn't able to put all of them together and make it click. You hepled me do that. Thanks a lot!!

What I find amazing is lenses evolved in nature to the level of sharpness we and other mammals and birds can see.

This was great, thank you loads!

These videos are so clear and well presented... I hope you keep making them. Thank you very much!!!

People's ability to emulate perception used to be nothing short of magic to me before watching this video. Thanks for providing such a succinct explanation.

“How optics work”… so, optics is plural?

10/10

thanks:)

The colour brown 8⁠-⁠)

The reason why in your everyday life you don't notice things becoming blurry in the distance is because your brain tricks you in a few ways. Firstly your eye is actually never standing still, it's constantly darting all over to scan your FOV, it's just so fast and the movements are so minor that you don't consciously notice and your brain just sorta edits it out. Secondly your brain will just remember what a place looked like the last time you focused on it and just keep that there, so to you it looks like it's still in focus. Lastly your brain doesn't necessarily need to have your eyes focused on an object to recognize what it is, it's really good at recognizing objects and as such will just reconstruct them even from a blurry image and make it look sharp to you. This however is also the basis of most visual illusions and is why you often have the experience of thinking you saw something out of the corner of your eye only to look and see it's something totally different, especially when you think you see someone. Your brain is especially biased towards recognizing humans and especially faces and as such will often wrongly see them and insert them into places where they aren't.

The fact that we experience the world as basically unconstrained by the limits of optics, unless you use glasses, has also presented a huge issue for movie makers. Cameras of course can't do any of these things and when we watch a movie we just see it on a 2D plane were we don't need to bother focusing at all. For a long time therefore movie makers did everything to avoid having visible blur because it looked unnatural or were very careful about making the audience not notice it, early on in the history of cinema it also tended to be the goal to avoid calling attention to the fact that someone was watching a movie. Later on however that taboo was broken and movie makers started using focus and blur as an active tool, it's fairly common for example to focus on an object in the foreground to only later reveal the background when something happens in it. This also lead to media which never had this issue in the first place to reverse engineer the effect, animation and games of course never had to deal with focus since the scene is rendered as a 2D image, but methods to replicate the action of a lens were found in order to utilize similar effects.

fiberoptics would be fascinating to know more about simci it is the very medium this data is sent thru 🤩

I must pause and say, bravo sir. This is delightful, thank you.

Whatever your undertaking may be, good optics are paramount.

I still wonder how can they fix astigmatism with glasses tho

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Everyone says the brain naturally compensates the inverted image, but what if it doesn't? What if everything is really upside down and we just think it is right side up? We could be walking on ceilings without even realizing it. What if things really fall up but we think they fall down since the image inverted on our eye?

You have simplified such a complex topic amazing

Great explanation! It helped me a lot!

this video was on fire!

Excellent explanations!

I'm reading up on visual perception for a cognitive psychology class. This was very helpful to get me around the basics of how our visual system works. Also made me realize how much our eyes (and our bodies and our brains) are doing so much work. Thank you very much for this content! 🎉

Great video! I just have a question that I can't quite comprehend. Imagine I have a telescope which consists of two convex lenses, and I'm trying to image the moon. Since the moon is basically at "infinite distance" (relatively to the objective, i.e. the lens closest to the moon), a real image of the moon is created at the focal length of the objective. Firstly, I don't understand how big this image actually is, since the magnification formula says that M=-d_i/d_o, and d_o is huge (the distance of the moon) while d_i is equal to f (say 200mm). So the magnification should be an extremely number, right?. Then, a second lens is used to create a second image of this first image. Lastly, my eyeball effectively acts as another lens and can look at this second image after the eyepiece and supposedly it should appear enlarged. Why does the image appear enlarged? Have I made some wrong assumptions? Thank you!

What an excellent video— covering a huge range efficiently and effectively. Concise, clear, with enough scope to give a great intro in a short time but without giving any misconceptions. Excellent work, highly underrated. Thank you.

The THumbnail looks like a string instrument, like a banjo or smth.

So well explained! Thanks a lot!

Me and my 12 year old son really liked your video!

That's the best video I've seen about the topic, it's just what I was looking for. I need more!

helps explain why close objects like roses in our garden are blurry and apartment buildings several miles away are crystal clear!

This is the best video on cameras i have ever seen, thank you!

Very informative. Thank you.